This combination of drugs is used to relieve mild to moderate pain.

This medication is sometimes prescribed for other uses; ask your doctor or pharmacist for more information.

This combination of drugs is used to relieve moderate to moderately severe pain.

This medication is sometimes prescribed for other uses; ask your doctor or pharmacist for more information.

This combination of drugs is used to relieve tension headaches.

This medication is sometimes prescribed for other uses; ask your doctor or pharmacist for more information.

Alendronate is used to prevent osteoporosis (a condition in which the bones become thin and weak and break easily) in women who have undergone menopause (change of life). Alendronate is also used to treat osteoporosis in men and women who have developed the disease due to natural causes or because they took corticosteroids (a type of medication that may cause osteoporosis). Alendronate is also used to treat Paget's disease of the bone (a condition in which the body replaces healthy bones with weak bones). Alendronate is in a class of medications called bisphosphonates. It works by preventing bone breakdown and increasing bone density (thickness) to make bones stronger and less likely to break.

Aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide are antacids used together to relieve heartburn, acid indigestion, and stomach upset. They may be used to treat these symptoms in patients with peptic ulcer, gastritis, esophagitis, hiatal hernia, or too much acid in the stomach (gastric hyperacidity). They combine with stomach acid and neutralize it. Aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide are available without a prescription.

This medication is sometimes prescribed for other uses; ask your doctor or pharmacist for more information.

Aminophylline is used to prevent and treat wheezing, shortness of breath, and difficulty breathing caused by asthma, chronic bronchitis, emphysema, and other lung diseases. It relaxes and opens air passages in the lungs, making it easier to breathe.

This medication is sometimes prescribed for other uses; ask your doctor or pharmacist for more information.

Amlexanox is used to treat ulcers of the mouth called aphthous ulcers or canker sores. It decreases the time ulcers take to heal. Because amlexanox decreases the healing time, it also decreases the pain you feel.

This medication is sometimes prescribed for other uses; ask your doctor, dentist, or pharmacist for more information.

Amobarbital and secobarbital are barbiturates. The combination is used in the short-term treatment of insomnia to help you fall asleep and stay asleep through the night. It also is used as a sedative to relieve anxiety before surgery.

This medication is sometimes prescribed for other uses; ask your doctor or pharmacist for more information.

This combination of drugs is used to relieve mild to moderately severe pain.

This medication is sometimes prescribed for other uses; ask your doctor or pharmacist for more information.

Azelastine is used to relieve the itching of allergic pink eye. Azelastine is in a class of medications called antihistamines. It works by blocking histamine, a substance in the body that causes allergic symptoms.

Alefacept is used to treat moderate to severe chronic plaque psoriasis. Alefacept is in a class of immunosuppressant medications called dimeric fusion proteins. It works by stopping the activity of T- lymphocytes, cells in the body that act abnormally in people with psoriasis.

Atomoxetine is used to increase the ability to pay attention and decrease impulsiveness and hyperactivity in children and adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Atomoxetine is in a class of medications called selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors. It works by increasing the levels of norepinephrine, a natural substance in the brain.

Azelaic acid gel is used to clear the bumps, lesions, and swelling caused by rosacea (a skin disease that causes redness, flushing, and pimples on the face). Azelaic acid cream is used to treat acne. Azelaic acid is in a class of medications called dicarboxylic acids. It works to treat acne by killing the bacteria that infect pores and by decreasing production of keratin, a natural substance that can lead to the development of acne. The way azelaic acid works to treat rosacea is not known.

Adapalene is used to treat acne. Adapalene is in a class of medications called retinoid-like compounds. It works by stopping pimples from forming under the surface of the skin.

Aprepitant is used with other medications to prevent upset stomach and vomiting caused by cancer chemotherapy treatment. Aprepitant is in a class of medications called antiemetics. It works by blocking the action of neurokinin, a natural substance in the brain that causes upset stomach and vomiting.

Acamprosate is used along with counseling and social support to help people who have stopped drinking large amounts of alcohol to avoid drinking alcohol again. Drinking alcohol for a long time changes the way the brain works. Acamprosate works by helping the brains of people who have drunk large amounts of alcohol to work normally again. Acamprosate does not prevent the withdrawal symptoms that people may experience when they stop drinking alcohol. Acamprosate has not been shown to work in people who have not stopped drinking alcohol or in people who drink large amounts of alcohol and also overuse or abuse other substances such as street drugs or prescription medications.

Azathioprine is used with other medications to prevent rejection of kidney transplants. It is also used to treat severe rheumatoid arthritis (a condition in which the body attacks its own joints, causing pain and swelling) when other medications and treatments have not helped. Azathioprine is in a class of medications called immunosuppressants. It works by weakening the body's immune system so it will not attack the transplanted organ or the joints.

Amitriptyline is used to treat symptoms of depression. Amitriptyline is in a class of medications called tricyclic antidepressants. It works by increasing the amounts of certain natural substances in the brain.

Acetohexamide is used to treat type II (noninsulin-dependent) diabetes (formerly 'adult-onset'), particularly in people whose diabetes cannot be controlled by diet alone. Acetohexamide lowers blood sugar by stimulating the pancreas to secrete insulin and helping the body use insulin efficiently. The pancreas must produce insulin for this medication to work. Acetohexamide is not used to treat type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes (formerly 'juvenile-onset').

This medication is sometimes prescribed for other uses; ask your doctor or pharmacist for more information.

Ascorbic acid is used to prevent and treat scurvy, a disease caused by a lack of vitamin C in the body.

This medication is sometimes prescribed for other uses; ask your doctor or pharmacist for more information.

Acetazolamide is used to treat glaucoma, a condition in which increased pressure in the eye can lead to gradual loss of vision. Acetazolamide decreases the pressure in the eye. Acetazolamide is also used to reduce the severity and duration of symptoms (upset stomach, headache, shortness of breath, dizziness, drowsiness, and fatigue) of altitude (mountain) sickness. Acetazolamide is used with other medicines to reduce edema (excess water retention) and to help control seizures in certain types of epilepsy.

This medication is sometimes prescribed for other uses; ask your doctor or pharmacist for more information.

Alprazolam is used to treat anxiety disorders and panic attacks. Alprazolam is in a class of medications called benzodiazepines. It works by decreasing abnormal excitement in the brain.

Amoxicillin is used to treat certain infections caused by bacteria, such as pneumonia; bronchitis; gonorrhea; and infections of the ears, nose, throat, urinary tract, and skin. It is also used in combination with other medications to eliminate

Anisindione is used to prevent blood clots from forming or growing larger. It is often prescribed for patients with certain types of irregular heartbeats and after a heart attack or heart valve replacement surgery. It works by stopping the formation of substances that cause clots.

This medication is sometimes prescribed for other uses; ask your doctor or pharmacist for more information.

Auranofin is used, with rest and nondrug therapy, to treat rheumatoid arthritis. It improves arthritis symptoms including painful or tender and swollen joints and morning stiffness.

This medication is sometimes prescribed for other uses; ask your doctor or pharmacist for more information.

Amiodarone is used to treat and prevent arrhythmias (abnormal heart rhythms). Amiodarone is in a class of medications called antiarrhythmics. It works by relaxing an overactive heart.

Amlodipine is used alone or in combination with other medications to treat high blood pressure and chest pain (angina). Amlodipine is in a class of medications called calcium channel blockers. It lowers blood pressure by relaxing the blood vessels so the heart does not have to pump as hard. It controls chest pain by increasing the supply of blood to the heart. If taken regularly, amlodipine controls chest pain, but it does not stop chest pain once it starts. Your doctor may prescribe a different medication to take when you have chest pain.

Alprostadil is used to produce a sexually functional erection in males with impotence (erectile dysfunction).

Acarbose is used (with diet only or diet and other medications) to treat type 2 (noninsulin- dependent) diabetes (high blood sugar). Acarbose works by slowing the action of certain chemicals that break down food to release glucose (sugar) into your blood. Slowing food digestion helps keep blood glucose from rising very high after meals.

This medication is sometimes prescribed for other uses; ask your doctor or pharmacist for more information.

Azelastine, an antihistamine, is used to treat hay fever and allergy symptoms including runny nose, sneezing, and itchy nose.

This medication is sometimes prescribed for other uses; ask your doctor or pharmacist for more information.

Abacavir is used in combination with other medications to treat human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in patients with or without acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Abacavir is in a class of antiviral medications called nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs). It works by slowing the spread of HIV infection in the body. Abacavir is not a cure and may not decrease the number of HIV-related illnesses. Abacavir does not prevent the spread of HIV to other people.

Amprenavir is used in combination with other antiretroviral medications to treat human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Amprenavir belongs to a class of drugs called protease (pro' tee ace) inhibitors, which slow the spread of HIV infection in the body.

This medication is sometimes prescribed for other uses; ask your doctor or pharmacist for more information.

Acetaminophen is used to relieve pain and reduce fever. Unlike aspirin, it does not relieve the redness, stiffness, or swelling caused by rheumatoid arthritis. However, it may relieve the pain caused by mild forms of arthritis.

This medicine is available without a prescription; however, your medical doctor or dentist may have special instructions on the proper dose of acetaminophen for your medical condition.

Acetaminophen is available in the following dosage forms:

Oral
• Acetaminophen
  • Capsules (U.S.)
  • Oral granules (in packets) (U.S.)
  • Oral liquid (drops) for babies (U.S. and Canada)
  • Oral liquid for children (U.S. and Canada)
  • Oral liquid for adults (U.S.)
  • Oral powders (in capsules) (U.S.)
  • Oral suspension (drops) for babies (U.S. and Canada)
  • Oral suspension (liquid) for children (U.S. and Canada)
  • Tablets (U.S. and Canada)
  • Chewable tablets (U.S. and Canada)
• Acetaminophen and Caffeine
  • Tablets (U.S. and Canada)

Rectal
• Acetaminophen
  • Suppositories (U.S. and Canada)

Acyclovir (ay-SYE-kloe-veer) belongs to the family of medicines called antivirals, which are used to treat infections caused by viruses. Usually these medicines work for only one kind or group of virus infections.

Acyclovir is used to treat the symptoms of chickenpox, shingles, herpes virus infections of the genitals (sex organs), the skin, the brain, and mucous membranes (lips and mouth), and widespread herpes virus infections in newborns. Acyclovir is also used to prevent recurrent genital herpes infections. Although acyclovir will not cure herpes, it does help relieve the pain and discomfort and helps the sores (if any) heal faster.

Acyclovir may also be used for other virus infections as determined by your doctor. However, it does not work in treating certain virus infections, such as the common cold.

Acyclovir is available only with your doctor's prescription, in the following dosage forms:

Oral
• Capsules (U.S.)
• Oral suspension (U.S. and Canada)
• Tablets (U.S. and Canada)

Parenteral
• Injection (U.S. and Canada)

Alcohol and acetone (AL-koe-hol and A-se-tone) combination is used to clean oily or greasy skin associated with acne or other oily skin conditions.

This medicine is available without a prescription; however, your doctor may have special instructions on the proper use of this medicine for your medical condition.

Alcohol and acetone combination is available in the following dosage forms:

Topical
• Detergent lotion (U.S.)
• Pledgets (U.S.)

Allopurinol (al-oh-PURE-i-nole) is used to treat chronic gout (gouty arthritis). This condition is caused by too much uric acid in the blood.

This medicine works by causing less uric acid to be produced by the body. Allopurinol will not relieve a gout attack that has already started. Also, it does not cure gout, but it will help prevent gout attacks. However, it works only after you have been taking it regularly for a few months. Allopurinol will help prevent gout attacks only as long as you continue to take it.

Allopurinol is also used to prevent or treat other medical problems that may occur if too much uric acid is present in the body. These include certain kinds of kidney stones or other kidney problems.

Certain medicines or medical treatments can greatly increase the amount of uric acid in the body. This can cause gout or kidney problems in some people. Allopurinol is also used to prevent these problems, and can be given as either a tablet or an injection if necessary

Allopurinol is available only with your doctor's prescription in the following dosage form:

Oral
• Tablets (U.S. and Canada)

Parenteral
• Injection (U.S.)

Alprostadil (al-PROS-ta-dil ) belongs to a group of medicines called vasodilators that can increase blood flow by expanding blood vessels. Alprostadil is used to produce erections in some men who need treatment for erectile dysfunction (sexual impotence). This medicine causes an erection because it increases the blood flow to the penis.

Alprostadil injection should not be used as a sexual aid by men who do not have erectile dysfunction. If the medicine is not used properly, permanent damage to the penis and loss of the ability to have erections could result.

Alprostadil is used alone or with medical tests to help diagnose erectile dysfunction that may be caused by nerve or blood vessel problems in the penis.

Alprostadil is available only with your doctor's prescription, in the following dosage forms:

Intraurethral
• Suppositories (U.S.)

Parenteral
• Injection (U.S. and Canada)

Aminobenzoate potassium (a-mee-noe-BEN-zoe-ate poe-TAS-ee-um) is used to treat fibrosis, a condition in which the skin and underlying tissues tighten and become less flexible. This condition occurs in such diseases as dermatomyositis, morphea, Peyronie's disease, scleroderma, and linear scleroderma.

Aminobenzoate potassium is also used to treat a certain type of inflammation (nonsuppurative inflammation) that occurs in such diseases as dermatomyositis, pemphigus, and Peyronie's disease.

This medicine is available only with your doctor's prescription in the following dosage forms:

Oral
• Capsules (U.S. and Canada)
• Powder for oral solution (U.S. and Canada)
• Tablets (U.S. and Canada)

Aminoglycosides (a-mee-noe-GLYE-koe-sides ) are used to treat serious bacterial infections. They work by killing bacteria or preventing their growth.

Aminoglycosides are given by injection to treat serious bacterial infections in many different parts of the body. In addition, some aminoglycosides may be given by irrigation (applying a solution of the medicine to the skin or mucous membranes or washing out a body cavity) or by inhalation into the lungs. Streptomycin may also be given for tuberculosis (TB). These medicines may be given with 1 or more other medicines for bacterial infections, or they may be given alone. Aminoglycosides may also be used for other conditions as determined by your doctor. However, aminoglycosides will not work for colds, flu, or other virus infections.

Aminoglycosides given by injection are usually used for serious bacterial infections for which other medicines may not work. However, aminoglycosides may also cause some serious side effects, including damage to your hearing, sense of balance, and kidneys. These side effects may be more likely to occur in elderly patients and newborn infants. You and your doctor should talk about the good these medicines may do as well as the risks of receiving them.

Aminoglycosides are to be administered only by or under the immediate supervision of your doctor. They are available in the following dosage forms:

Inhalation
• Amikacin
  • Inhalation solution (U.S.)
• Gentamicin
  • Inhalation solution (U.S.)
• Kanamycin
  • Inhalation solution (U.S.)
• Tobramycin
  • Inhalation solution (U.S.)

Irrigation
• Kanamycin
  • Irrigation solution (U.S.)

Parenteral
• Amikacin
  • Injection (U.S. and Canada)
• Gentamicin
  • Injection (U.S. and Canada)
• Kanamycin
  • Injection (U.S.)
• Neomycin
  • Injection (U.S.)
• Netilmicin
  • Injection (U.S. and Canada)
• Streptomycin
  • Injection (U.S. and Canada)
• Tobramycin
  • Injection (U.S. and Canada)

Amiodarone (am-ee-OH-da-rone ) belongs to the group of medicines known as antiarrhythmics. It is used to correct life-threatening heartbeat problems called ventricular arrhythmias in adults when other treatments did not work or were not tolerated.

Amiodarone produces its helpful effects by slowing nerve impulses in the heart and acting directly on the heart tissues.

This medicine is available only with your doctor's prescription, in the following dosage forms:

Oral
• Tablets (U.S. and Canada)

Parenteral
• Injection (U.S. and Canada)

Amphetamines (am-FET-a-meens ) belong to the group of medicines called central nervous system (CNS) stimulants. They are used to treat attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Amphetamines increase attention and decrease restlessness in patients who are overactive, unable to concentrate for very long or are easily distracted, and have unstable emotions. These medicines are used as part of a total treatment program that also includes social, educational, and psychological treatment.

Amphetamine and dextroamphetamine are also used in the treatment of narcolepsy (uncontrollable desire for sleep or sudden attacks of deep sleep).

Amphetamines should not be used for weight loss or weight control or to combat unusual tiredness or weakness or replace rest. When used for these purposes, they may be dangerous to your health.

Amphetamines may also be used for other conditions as determined by your doctor.

These medicines are available only with a doctor's prescription. Prescriptions cannot be refilled. A new prescription must be obtained from your doctor each time you or your child needs this medicine.

Amphetamines are available in the following dosage forms:

Oral
• Amphetamine
  • Tablets (U.S.)
• Amphetamine and dextroamphetamine
  • Tablets (U.S.)
  • Extended-release capsules (U.S.)
• Dextroamphetamine
  • Extended-release capsules (U.S. and Canada)
  • Tablets (U.S. and Canada)
• Methamphetamine
  • Tablets (U.S.)
  • Extended-release tablets (U.S.)

Amphotericin ( am-foe-TER-i-sin) B belongs to the family of medicines called antifungals. Amphotericin B topical preparations are used to treat fungus infections.

This medicine belongs to the group of medicines known as anabolic ( an-a-BOL-ik) steroids. They are related to testosterone, a male sex hormone. Anabolic steroids help to rebuild tissues that have become weak because of serious injury or illness. A diet high in proteins and calories is necessary with anabolic steroid treatment.

Anabolic steroids are used for several reasons:

• to help patients gain weight after a severe illness, injury, or continuing infection. They also are used when patients fail to gain or maintain normal weight because of unexplained medical reasons.
• to treat certain types of anemia.
• to treat certain kinds of breast cancer in some women.
• to treat hereditary angioedema, which causes swelling of the face, arms, legs, throat, windpipe, bowels, or sexual organs.

Anabolic steroids may also be used for other conditions as determined by your doctor.

Anabolic steroids are available only with your doctor's prescription, in the following dosage forms:

Oral
• Oxandrolone
  • Tablets (U.S.)
• Oxymetholone
  • Tablets (U.S. and Canada)
• Stanozolol
  • Tablets (U.S.)

Parenteral
• Nandrolone
  • Injection (U.S. and Canada)

Androgens and estrogens (AN-droe-jens and ESS-troe-jens) are hormones. Estrogens are produced by the body in greater amounts in females. They are necessary for normal sexual development of the female and for regulation of the menstrual cycle during the childbearing years. Androgens are produced by the body in greater amounts in males. However, androgens are also present in females in small amounts.

The ovaries and adrenal glands begin to produce less of these hormones after menopause. This combination product is prescribed to make up for this lower production of hormones. This may relieve signs of menopause, such as hot flashes and unusual sweating, chills, faintness, or dizziness.

Androgens and estrogens may also be used for other conditions as determined by your doctor.

There is no medical evidence to support the belief that the use of estrogens (contained in this combination medicine) will keep the patient feeling young, keep the skin soft, or delay the appearance of wrinkles. Nor has it been proven that the use of estrogens during the menopause will relieve emotional and nervous symptoms, unless these symptoms are caused by other menopausal symptoms, such as hot flashes.

A paper called "Information for the Patient" should be given to you with your prescription. Read this carefully. Also, before you use an androgen and estrogen product, you and your doctor should discuss the good that it will do as well as the risks of using it.

This medicine is available only with your doctor's prescription, in the following dosage forms:

Oral
• Estrogens, Esterified, and Methyltestosterone
  • Tablets (U.S.)

Parenteral
• Testosterone and Estradiol
  • Injection (U.S. and Canada)

Proparacaine and tetracaine are local anesthetics that are used in the eye to cause numbness or loss of feeling. They are used before certain procedures such as measuring of eye pressure, removing foreign objects or sutures (stitches) from the eye, and performing certain eye examinations.

These medicines are to be administered only by or under the immediate supervision of your doctor. They are available in the following dosage forms:

Ophthalmic
• Proparacaine
  • Ophthalmic solution (U.S. and Canada)
• Tetracaine
  • Ophthalmic ointment (U.S.)
  • Ophthalmic solution (U.S. and Canada)

Rectal anesthetics (an-ess-THET-iks ) are used to relieve the pain and itching of hemorrhoids (piles) and other problems in the rectal area. However, if you have hemorrhoids that bleed, especially after a bowel movement, check with your doctor before using this medicine. Bleeding may mean that you have a condition that needs other treatment.

These medicines are available without a prescription; however, your doctor may have special instructions on the proper use and dose for your medical problem.

These medicines are available in the following dosage forms:

Rectal
• Benzocaine
  • Ointment (U.S.)
• Dibucaine
  • Ointment (U.S. and Canada)
• Pramoxine
  • Aerosol foam (U.S.)
  • Cream (U.S. and Canada)
  • Ointment (U.S.)
• Tetracaine
  • Cream (U.S.)
• Tetracaine and Menthol
  • Ointment (U.S.)

ACE inhibitors belong to the class of medicines called high blood pressure medicines (antihypertensives). They are used to treat high blood pressure (hypertension).

High blood pressure adds to the workload of the heart and arteries. If it continues for a long time, the heart and arteries may not function properly. This can damage the blood vessels of the brain, heart, and kidneys, resulting in a stroke, heart failure, or kidney failure. High blood pressure may also increase the risk of heart attacks. These problems may be less likely to occur if blood pressure is controlled.

Lisinopril, captopril, ramipril, and trandolapril are used in some patients after a heart attack. After a heart attack, some of the heart muscle is damaged and weakened. The heart muscle may continue to weaken as time goes by. This makes it more difficult for the heart to pump blood. Lisinopril use may be started within 24 hours after a heart attack to increase survival rate. Captopril, ramipril, and trandolapril help slow down the further weakening of the heart.

Captopril is also used to treat kidney problems in some diabetic patients who use insulin to control their diabetes. Over time, these kidney problems may get worse. Captopril may help slow down the further worsening of kidney problems.

In addition, some ACE inhibitors are used to treat congestive heart failure or may be used for other conditions as determined by your doctor.

The exact way that these medicines work is not known. They block an enzyme in the body that is necessary to produce a substance that causes blood vessels to tighten. As a result, they relax blood vessels. This lowers blood pressure and increases the supply of blood and oxygen to the heart.

These medicines are available only with your doctor's prescription, in the following dosage forms:

Oral
• Benazepril
  • Tablets (U.S. and Canada)
• Captopril
  • Tablets (U.S. and Canada)
• Cilazapril
  • Tablets (Canada)
• Enalapril
  • Tablets (U.S. and Canada)
• Fosinopril
  • Tablets (U.S. and Canada)
• Lisinopril
  • Tablets (U.S. and Canada)
• Moexipril
  • Tablets (U.S.)
• Perindopril
  • Tablets (U.S. and Canada)
• Quinapril
  • Tablets (U.S. and Canada)
• Ramipril
  • Capsules (U.S. and Canada)
• Trandolapril
  • Tablets (U.S. and Canada)

Parenteral
• Enalaprilat
  • Injection (U.S. and Canada)

Antacids are taken by mouth to relieve heartburn, sour stomach, or acid indigestion. They work by neutralizing excess stomach acid. Some antacid combinations also contain simethicone, which may relieve the symptoms of excess gas. Antacids alone or in combination with simethicone may also be used to treat the symptoms of stomach or duodenal ulcers.

With larger doses than those used for the antacid effect, magnesium hydroxide (magnesia) and magnesium oxide antacids produce a laxative effect. The information that follows applies only to their use as an antacid.

Some antacids, like aluminum carbonate and aluminum hydroxide, may be prescribed with a low-phosphate diet to treat hyperphosphatemia (too much phosphate in the blood). Aluminum carbonate and aluminum hydroxide may also be used with a low-phosphate diet to prevent the formation of some kinds of kidney stones. Aluminum hydroxide may also be used for other conditions as determined by your doctor.

These medicines are available without a prescription. However, your doctor may have special instructions on the proper use and dose of these medicines for your medical problem. They are available in the following dosage forms:

Oral
• Alumina, Calcium Carbonate, and Sodium Bicarbonate
  • Oral suspension (Canada)
• Alumina and Magnesia
  • Oral suspension (U.S. and Canada)
  • Tablets (Canada)
  • Chewable tablets (U.S. and Canada)
• Alumina, Magnesia, Calcium Carbonate, and Simethicone
  • Chewable tablets (U.S.)
• Alumina, Magnesia, and Magnesium Carbonate
  • Chewable tablets (Canada)
• Alumina, Magnesia, Magnesium Carbonate, and Simethicone
  • Chewable tablets (Canada)
• Alumina, Magnesia, and Simethicone
  • Oral suspension (U.S. and Canada)
  • Chewable tablets (U.S. and Canada)
• Alumina, Magnesium Alginate, and Magnesium Carbonate
  • Oral suspension (Canada)
  • Chewable tablets (Canada)
• Alumina and Magnesium Carbonate
  • Oral suspension (U.S.)
  • Chewable tablets (U.S.)
• Alumina, Magnesium Carbonate, and Simethicone
  • Oral suspension (U.S.)
• Alumina, Magnesium Carbonate, and Sodium Bicarbonate
  • Chewable tablets (U.S.)
• Alumina and Magnesium Trisilicate
  • Chewable tablets (U.S.)
• Alumina, Magnesium Trisilicate, and Sodium Bicarbonate
  • Chewable tablets (U.S.)
• Alumina and Simethicone
  • Gel (U.S.)
• Alumina and Sodium Bicarbonate
  • Chewable tablets (Canada)
• Aluminum Carbonate, Basic
  • Capsules (U.S.)
  • Tablets (U.S.)
• Aluminum Carbonate, Basic, and Simethicone
  • Oral suspension (U.S.)
• Aluminum Hydroxide
  • Capsules (U.S. and Canada)
  • Oral suspension (U.S. and Canada)
  • Gel (U.S. and Canada)
  • Tablets (U.S. and Canada)
  • Chewable tablets (Canada)
• Calcium Carbonate
  • Chewing gum (U.S.)
  • Lozenges (U.S.)
  • Oral suspension (U.S.)
  • Tablets (U.S.)
  • Chewable tablets (U.S. and Canada)
• Calcium Carbonate and Magnesia
  • Oral suspension (Canada)
  • Tablets (U.S.)
  • Chewable tablets (U.S. and Canada)
• Calcium Carbonate, Magnesia, and Simethicone
  • Oral suspension (Canada)
  • Chewable tablets (U.S. and Canada)
• Calcium Carbonate and Simethicone
  • Oral suspension (U.S.)
  • Chewable tablets (U.S.)
• Calcium and Magnesium Carbonates
  • Oral suspension (U.S.)
  • Tablets (U.S. and Canada)
• Magaldrate
  • Oral suspension (U.S. and Canada)
  • Chewable tablets (Canada)
• Magaldrate and Simethicone
  • Oral suspension (U.S. and Canada)
  • Chewable tablets (U.S. and Canada)
• Magnesium Carbonate and Sodium Bicarbonate
  • Chewable tablets (Canada)
• Magnesium Hydroxide
  • Milk of magnesia (U.S. and Canada)
  • Chewable tablets (U.S. and Canada)
• Magnesium Oxide
  • Capsules (U.S.)
  • Tablets (U.S.)

The anticholinergics/antispasmodics are a group of medicines that include the natural belladonna alkaloids (atropine, belladonna, hyoscyamine, and scopolamine) and related products.

The anticholinergics/antispasmodics are used to relieve cramps or spasms of the stomach, intestines, and bladder. Some are used together with antacids or other medicine in the treatment of peptic ulcer. Others are used to prevent nausea, vomiting, and motion sickness.

Anticholinergics/antispasmodics are also used in certain surgical and emergency procedures. In surgery, some are given by injection before anesthesia to help relax you and to decrease secretions, such as saliva. During anesthesia and surgery, atropine, glycopyrrolate, hyoscyamine, and scopolamine are used to help keep the heartbeat normal. Scopolamine is also used to prevent nausea and vomiting after anesthesia and surgery. Atropine is also given by injection to help relax the stomach and intestines for certain types of examinations. Some anticholinergics are also used to treat poisoning caused by medicines such as neostigmine and physostigmine, certain types of mushrooms, and poisoning by "nerve"' gases or organic phosphorous pesticides (for example, demeton [Systox], diazinon, malathion, parathion, and ronnel [Trolene]). Also, anticholinergics can be used for painful menstruation, runny nose, and to prevent urination during sleep.

These medicines may also be used for other conditions as determined by your doctor.

The anticholinergics/antispasmodics are available only with your doctor's prescription in the following dosage forms:

Oral
• Anisotropine
  • Tablets (U.S.)
• Atropine
  • Tablets (U.S.)
  • Soluble tablets (U.S.)
• Belladonna
  • Tincture (U.S.)
• Clidinium
  • Capsules (U.S.)
• Dicyclomine
  • Capsules (U.S. and Canada)
  • Syrup (U.S. and Canada)
  • Tablets (U.S. and Canada)
• Glycopyrrolate
  • Tablets (U.S. and Canada)
• Homatropine
  • Tablets (U.S.)
• Hyoscyamine
  • Extended-release capsules (U.S.)
  • Extended-release tablets (U.S.)
  • Elixir (U.S.)
  • Oral solution (U.S. and Canada)
  • Tablets (U.S. and Canada)
• Mepenzolate
  • Tablets (U.S.)
• Methantheline
  • Tablets (U.S.)
• Methscopolamine
• Pirenzepine
  • Tablets (Canada)
• Propantheline
  • Tablets (U.S. and Canada)
• Scopolamine
  • Tablets (Canada)

Parenteral
• Atropine
  • Injection (U.S. and Canada)
• Dicyclomine
  • Injection (U.S. )
• Glycopyrrolate
  • Injection (U.S. and Canada)
• Hyoscyamine
  • Injection (U.S. )
• Scopolamine
  • Injection (U.S. and Canada)

Rectal
• Scopolamine
  • Suppositories (Canada)

Transdermal
• Scopolamine
  • Transdermal disk (U.S. and Canada)

Dione anticonvulsants are used to control certain types of seizures in the treatment of epilepsy. They act on the central nervous system (CNS) to reduce the number of seizures. These medicines cannot cure epilepsy and will only work to control seizures for as long as you continue to take them.

Succinimide anticonvulsants are used to control certain seizures in the treatment of epilepsy. These medicines act on the central nervous system (CNS) to reduce the number and severity of seizures.

This medicine is available only with your doctor's prescription, in the following dosage forms:

Oral
• Ethosuximide
  • Capsules (U.S. and Canada)
  • Syrup (U.S. and Canada)
• Methsuximide
  • Capsules (U.S. and Canada)

Tricyclic antidepressants are used to relieve mental depression.

One form of this medicine (imipramine) is also used to treat enuresis (bedwetting) in children. Another form (clomipramine) is used to treat obsessive-compulsive disorders. Tricyclic antidepressants may be used for other conditions as determined by your doctor.

These medicines are available only with your doctor's prescription, in the following dosage forms:

Oral
• Amitriptyline
  • Syrup (Canada)
  • Tablets (U.S. and Canada)
• Amoxapine
  • Tablets (U.S. and Canada)
• Clomipramine
  • Capsules (U.S.)
  • Tablets (Canada)
• Desipramine
  • Tablets (U.S. and Canada)
• Doxepin
  • Capsules (U.S. and Canada)
  • Oral solution (U.S.)
• Imipramine
  • Capsules (U.S.)
  • Tablets (U.S. and Canada)
• Nortriptyline
  • Capsules (U.S. and Canada)
  • Oral solution (U.S.)
• Protriptyline
  • Tablets (U.S. and Canada)
• Trimipramine
  • Capsules (U.S. and Canada)
  • Tablets (Canada)

Parenteral
• Amitriptyline
  • Injection (U.S.)
• Imipramine
  • Injection (U.S.)

Antifibrinolytic (an-tee-fye-bri-noh-LIT-ik ) agents are used to treat serious bleeding, especially when the bleeding occurs after dental surgery (particularly in patients with hemophilia) or certain other kinds of surgery. These medicines are also sometimes given before an operation to prevent serious bleeding in patients with medical problems that increase the chance of serious bleeding.

Antifibrinolytic agents may also be used for other conditions as determined by your doctor.

Antifibrinolytic agents are available only with your doctor's prescription, in the following dosage forms:

Oral
• Aminocaproic acid
  • Syrup (U.S. and Canada)
  • Tablets (U.S. and Canada)
• Tranexamic acid
  • Tablets (U.S. and Canada)

Parenteral
• Aminocaproic acid
  • Injection (U.S. and Canada)
• Tranexamic acid
  • Injection (U.S. and Canada)

Antihistamines are used to relieve or prevent the symptoms of hay fever and other types of allergy. They work by preventing the effects of a substance called histamine, which is produced by the body. Histamine can cause itching, sneezing, runny nose, and watery eyes. Also, in some persons histamine can close up the bronchial tubes (air passages of the lungs) and make breathing difficult.

Some of the antihistamines are also used to prevent motion sickness, nausea, vomiting, and dizziness. In patients with Parkinson's disease, diphenhydramine may be used to decrease stiffness and tremors. Also, the syrup form of diphenhydramine is used to relieve the cough due to colds or hay fever. In addition, since antihistamines may cause drowsiness as a side effect, some of them may be used to help people go to sleep.

Hydroxyzine is used in the treatment of nervous and emotional conditions to help control anxiety. It can also be used to help control anxiety and produce sleep before surgery.

Some antihistamines are used in the treatment of chronic urticaria, which is a persistent hive-like rash.

Antihistamines may also be used for other conditions as determined by your doctor.

Some antihistamine preparations are available only with your doctor's prescription. Others are available without a prescription. However, your doctor may have special instructions on the proper dose of the medicine for your medical condition.

These medicines are available in the following dosage forms:

Oral
• Azatadine
  • Tablets (U.S. and Canada)
• Brompheniramine
  • Capsules (U.S.)
  • Elixir (U.S. and Canada)
  • Tablets (Canada)
• Cetirizine
  • Syrup (U.S.)
  • Tablets (U.S. and Canada)
• Chlorpheniramine
  • Extended-release capsules (U.S.)
  • Syrup (U.S. and Canada)
  • Tablets (U.S. and Canada)
  • Chewable tablets (U.S.)
  • Extended-release tablets (U.S. and Canada)
• Clemastine
  • Syrup (U.S. and Canada)
  • Tablets (U.S. and Canada)
• Cyproheptadine
  • Syrup (Canada)
  • Tablets (U.S. and Canada)
• Desloratadine
  • Tablets (U.S. and Canada)
• Dexchlorpheniramine
  • Syrup (U.S. and Canada)
  • Tablets (U.S. and Canada)
  • Extended-release tablets (U.S. and Canada)
• Dimenhydrinate
  • Extended-release capsules (Canada)
  • Oral Solution (U.S. and Canada)
  • Syrup (U.S. and Canada)
  • Tablets (U.S. and Canada)
  • Chewable tablets (U.S. and Canada)
• Diphenhydramine
  • Capsules (U.S. and Canada)
  • Elixir (U.S. and Canada)
  • Tablets (U.S.)
• Doxylamine
  • Tablets (U.S.)
• Fexofenadine
  • Tablets (U.S. and Canada)
  • Capsules (U.S. )
• Hydroxyzine
  • Capsules (U.S. and Canada)
  • Oral suspension (U.S.)
  • Syrup (U.S. and Canada)
  • Tablets (U.S.)
• Loratadine
  • Syrup (U.S. and Canada)
  • Tablets (U.S. and Canada)
• Phenindamine
  • Tablets (U.S.)

Parenteral
• Brompheniramine
  • Injection (U.S.)
• Chlorpheniramine
  • Injection (U.S. and Canada)
• Dimenhydrinate
  • Injection (U.S. and Canada)
• Diphenhydramine
  • Injection (U.S. and Canada)
• Hydroxyzine
  • Injection (U.S. and Canada)

Rectal
• Dimenhydrinate
  • Suppositories (Canada)

Antihistamine, decongestant, and analgesic combinations are taken by mouth to relieve the sneezing, runny nose, sinus and nasal congestion (stuffy nose), fever, headache, and aches and pain of colds, influenza, and hay fever. These combinations do not contain any ingredient to relieve coughs.

Antihistamines are used to relieve or prevent the symptoms of hay fever and other types of allergy. They may also help relieve some symptoms of the common cold, such as sneezing and runny nose. They work by preventing the effects of a substance called histamine, which is produced by the body. Antihistamines contained in these combinations are:

brompheniramine, chlorpheniramine, dexbrompheniramine, diphenhydramine, pheniramine, phenyltoloxamine, pyrilamine, and triprolidine.

Decongestants, such as phenylephrine, and pseudoephedrine, produce a narrowing of blood vessels. This leads to clearing of nasal congestion, but it may also cause an increase in blood pressure in patients who have high blood pressure.

Analgesics, such as acetaminophen and salicylates (e.g., aspirin, sodium salicylate), are used in these combination medicines to help relieve fever, headache, aches, and pain.

Some of these medicines are available without a prescription. However, your doctor may have special instructions on the proper dose of these medicines for your medical condition. These medicines are available in the following dosage forms:

Oral
• Brompheniramine, Pseudoephedrine, and Acetaminophen
  • Oral suspension (U.S.)
  • Tablets (U.S.)
• Chlorpheniramine, Phenylephrine, and Acetaminophen
  • Capsules (Canada)
  • Tablets (U.S. and Canada)
  • Extended-release tablets (U.S.)
• Chlorpheniramine, Pseudoephedrine, and Acetaminophen
  • Capsules (U.S. and Canada)
  • For oral solution (U.S.)
  • Oral solution (U.S. and Canada)
  • Tablets (U.S. and Canada)
  • Chewable tablets (U.S. and Canada)
• Chlorpheniramine, Pyrilamine, Phenylephrine, and Acetaminophen
  • Tablets (U.S.)
• Dexbrompheniramine, Pseudoephedrine, and Acetaminophen
  • Extended-release tablets (U.S.)
• Diphenhydramine, Pseudoephedrine, and Acetaminophen
  • For oral solution (U.S.)
  • Tablets (U.S. and Canada)
• Pheniramine, Phenylephrine, and Acetaminophen
  • For oral solution (Canada)
• Pheniramine, Phenylephrine, Sodium Salicylate, and Caffeine
  • Oral solution (U.S.)
• Pyrilamine, Phenylephrine, Aspirin, and Caffeine
  • Tablets (Canada)
• Triprolidine, Pseudoephedrine, and Acetaminophen
  • Tablets (U.S. and Canada)

Antimyasthenics are given by mouth or by injection to treat myasthenia gravis. Neostigmine may also be given by injection as a test for myasthenia gravis. Sometimes neostigmine is given by injection to prevent or treat certain urinary tract or intestinal disorders. In addition, neostigmine or pyridostigmine may be given by injection as an antidote to certain types of muscle relaxants used in surgery.

These medicines are available only with your doctor's prescription in the following dosage forms:

Oral
• Ambenonium
  • Tablets (U.S.)
• Neostigmine
  • Tablets (U.S. and Canada)
• Pyridostigmine
  • Syrup (U.S.)
  • Tablets (U.S. and Canada)
  • Extended-release tablets (U.S. and Canada)

Parenteral
• Neostigmine
  • Injection (U.S. and Canada)
• Pyridostigmine
  • Injection (U.S. and Canada)

Methimazole and propylthiouracil are used to treat conditions in which the thyroid gland produces too much thyroid hormone.

These medicines work by making it harder for the body to use iodine to make thyroid hormone. They do not block the effects of thyroid hormone that was made by the body before their use was begun.

Methimazole and propylthiouracil are available only with your doctor's prescription, in the following dosage forms:

Oral
• Methimazole
  • Tablets (U.S. and Canada)
• Propylthiouracil
  • Tablets (U.S. and Canada)

Apraclonidine (a-pra-KLON-i-deen ) 0.5% is used to treat glaucoma when the medications you have been using for glaucoma do not reduce your eye pressure enough.

Apraclonidine 1% is used just before and after certain types of eye surgery (argon laser trabeculoplasty, argon laser iridotomy, and Nd:YAG laser posterior capsulotomy). The medicine is used to control or prevent a rise in pressure within the eye (ocular hypertension) that can occur after this type of surgery.

Apraclonidine 0.5% is available only with your doctor's prescription. Apraclonidine 1% is given in the hospital at the time of the surgery. This medicine is available in the following dosage form:

Ophthalmic
• Ophthalmic solution (eye drops) (U.S. and Canada)

Asparaginase ( a-SPARE-a-gi-nase) belongs to the group of medicines known as enzymes. It is used to treat some kinds of cancer of the blood. It may also be used to treat other kinds of cancer, as determined by your doctor.

All cells need a chemical called asparagine to stay alive. Normal cells can make this chemical for themselves, while cancer cells cannot. Asparaginase breaks down asparagine in the body. Since the cancer cells cannot make more asparagine, they die.

Before you begin treatment with asparaginase, you and your doctor should talk about the good this medicine will do as well as the risks of using it.

Asparaginase is to be administered only by or under the supervision of your doctor. It is available in the following dosage form:

Parenteral
• Injection (U.S. and Canada)

Ophthalmic atropine, homatropine, and scopolamine are used to dilate (enlarge) the pupil of the eye. They are used before eye examinations, before and after eye surgery, and to treat certain eye conditions, such as uveitis or posterior synechiae.

These medicines are available only with your doctor's prescription, in the following dosage forms:

Ophthalmic
• Atropine
  • Ophthalmic ointment (U.S. and Canada)
  • Ophthalmic solution (eye drops) (U.S. and Canada)
• Homatropine
  • Ophthalmic solution (eye drops) (U.S. and Canada)
• Scopolamine
  • Ophthalmic solution (eye drops) (U.S.)

Attapulgite ( at-a-PULL-gite) is taken by mouth to treat diarrhea. Attapulgite is a clay-like powder believed to work by adsorbing the bacteria or germ that may be causing the diarrhea.

This medicine is available without a prescription; however, the product's directions and warnings should be carefully followed. In addition, your doctor may have special instructions on the proper dose or use of attapulgite medicine for your medical condition.

Attapulgite is available in the following dosage forms:

Oral
• Attapulgite
  • Oral suspension (U.S. and Canada)
  • Tablets (U.S. and Canada)
  • Chewable tablets (U.S. and Canada)

Aztreonam ( AZ-tree-oh-nam) is an antibiotic that is used to treat infections caused by bacteria. It works by killing bacteria or preventing their growth.

Aztreonam is used to treat bacterial infections in many different parts of the body. It is sometimes given with other antibiotics. This medicine will not work for colds, flu, or other viral infections.

This medicine is available only with your doctor's prescription. It is available in the following dosage form:

Parenteral
• Injection (U.S.)

Alglucerase (al-GLOO-ser-ace) is used to treat Gaucher's disease caused by the lack of a certain enzyme, glucocerebrosidase, in the body. This enzyme is necessary for your body to use fats.

Alglucerase is made from human placenta tissue that is collected after a baby is born. Before it is used, the tissue is tested for hepatitis and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). This is similar to the testing that a blood bank does on donated blood before it is given to anyone else.

Alglucerase is available with your doctor's prescription, in the following dosage form:

Parenteral
• Injection (U.S. and Canada)

Azithromycin (az-ith-roe-MYE-sin) is used to treat bacterial infections in many different parts of the body. It is also used to prevent Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) disease in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). It works by killing bacteria or preventing their growth. However, this medicine will not work for colds, flu, or other viral infections. Azithromycin may be used for other problems as determined by your doctor.

Azithromycin is available only with your doctor's prescription, in the following dosage forms:

Oral
• Capsules (U.S. and Canada)
• Oral suspension (U.S. and Canada)
• Tablets (U.S. and Canada)

Parenteral
• Injection (U.S.)

Atovaquone ( a-TOE-va-kwone) is used to treat and to prevent Pneumocystis carinii (noo-moe-SISS-tis ) pneumonia (PCP), a very serious kind of pneumonia. This particular kind of pneumonia occurs commonly in patients whose immune systems are not working normally, such as cancer patients, transplant patients, and patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS).

This medicine is available only with your doctor's prescription, in the following dosage form:

Oral
• Oral suspension (U.S.)
• Tablets (Canada)